Search results for " CT scan"

showing 7 items of 7 documents

An execution in medieval Sicily: Computerised tomography scan analysis and 3D reconstruction of an ancient forensic context

2019

The bioarchaeological and forensic approach is increasingly applied in the study of funerary contexts in archaeology. Here, we present a case of an atypical medieval burial recently discovered in Piazza Armerina (Sicily), in which the integrated use of traditional bioarchaeological and forensic anthropology methods was crucial. The skeleton was lying in a prone position and was characterised by a peculiar injury pattern. We recorded six clear stab wound marks on the posterior surface of the sternum. The use of computerised tomography scan and 3D modelling techniques has made it possible to obtain a reliable reconstruction of the cause and modality of death, pointing to the execution of the …

ArcheologyHistorymedicine.diagnostic_test3D reconstructionatypical burials bioarchaeology CT scan deviant burials execution interpersonal violence Piazza Armerina stab woundsComputed tomographyContext (language use)Settore BIO/08 - AntropologiaInterpersonal violenceAnthropologyBioarchaeologymedicineTomographyCartography
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Automatische Berechnung des Milzvolumens aus Spiral-CT-Daten mit Hilfe neuronaler Netze und „Fuzzy Logik”∗

2000

PURPOSE To assess spleen segmentation and volumentry in spiral CT scans with and without pathological changes of splenic tissue. METHODS The image analysis software HYBRIKON is based on region growing, self-organized neural nets, and fuzzy-anatomic rules. The neural nets were trained with spiral CT data from 10 patients, not used in the following evaluation on spiral CT scans from 19 patients. An experienced radiologist verified the results. The true positive and false positive areas were compared in terms to the areas marked by the radiologist. The results were compared with a standard thresholding method. RESULTS The neural nets achieved a higher accuracy than the thresholding method. Cor…

Spiral CT Scansbusiness.industryRegion growingMedicineRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingSegmentationFalse positive rateImage analysisSpiral ctbusinessNuclear medicineTrue positive rateThresholdingRöFo - Fortschritte auf dem Gebiet der Röntgenstrahlen und der bildgebenden Verfahren
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Bowel wall thickening: inquire or not inquire? Our guidelines

2018

Introduction Bowel wall thickening is not an uncommon finding among patient undergoing abdomen CT scan. It may be caused by neoplastic, inflammatory, infectious or ischaemic conditions but also be a normal variant. Although specific radiologic patterns may direct to a precise diagnosis, occasionally misidentification may occur. Thus, in the absence of guidelines, further and not always needed diagnostic procedures (colonoscopy, esophagogastroduodenoscopy or capsule endoscopy) are performed. Patients and methods We conducted a retrospective study on data collected from May 2016 to June 2017. We selected 40 adult patients, admitted in Emergency Department with "abdominal pain" and undergone a…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyAbdominal painColorectal cancerColonoscopyEndoscopy Gastrointestinallaw.inventionDiverticulitis Colonicbowel wall - CT scan03 medical and health sciencesYoung Adult0302 clinical medicineCapsule endoscopylawIschemiamedicineHumansAgedGastrointestinal NeoplasmsRetrospective StudiesAged 80 and overmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryEsophagogastroduodenoscopyStomachCancerMuscle SmoothDiverticulitisMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseColitisEnteritisEndoscopyAbdominal PainIntestinesSettore MED/18 - Chirurgia Generale030220 oncology & carcinogenesisGastritis030211 gastroenterology & hepatologyFemaleOriginal ArticleRadiologymedicine.symptomEmergenciesbusinessTomography X-Ray Computed
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Machine learning classification for COVID19 patients performed on small datasets of CT scans.

2022

In this work we evaluated the possibility of carrying out classifications of the outcome of patients with COVID19 disease through machine learning (ML) techniques working on small datasets of computed tomography (CT) images. In fact, one of the most common problems for medical artificial intelligence (AI) applications is the limited availability of annotated clinical data for model training. In the framework of the artificial intelligence in medicine (AIM) project funded by INFN, we analyzed datasets of CT scans of 79 subjects combined with clinical data containing information relating to positive outcome (no need for intensive care) or poor prognosis (admission into intensive care unit and…

COVID19 CT scans medical artificial intelligence AISettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)
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Spiral-CT und 3 D-Rekonstruktion des Tracheobronchialbaumes zur Auswahl geeigneter Doppellumentuben vor Einzellungenbeatmung

1997

Purpose To assess the potential of 3-D spiral CT in the selection of adequate double-lumen tubes (DLT) for one-lung-ventilation. Materials and methods 3-D spiral CT of eight different DLTs was performed with standardized acquisition parameters: section thickness 4 mm, table speed 6 mm/s, increment 3 mm and standardised thresholds, window settings and magnification zoom. The accuracy was confirmed by measuring 3-D objects on screen and original DLTs by vernier caliper. 3-D spiral CT was performed in 20 patients preoperatively with slice thickness 4-8 mm, pitch 1-1.5, increment 4-8 mm. To select the adequate DLT size the 3-D reconstructions of the patient's tracheobronchial tree and of the DL…

medicine.medical_specialtySpiral CT ScansMaterials sciencebusiness.industrySlice thicknessMagnificationSurgerymedicineSuperimpositionCalipersRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingTomographyNuclear medicinebusinessSpiral ctDouble lumen tubeRöFo - Fortschritte auf dem Gebiet der Röntgenstrahlen und der bildgebenden Verfahren
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3D CT scan for perioperative identification of anatomical variations of lungs.

2016

Aim: The aim of this study is to investigate anatomical lung variations and vascular patterns using volumetric 3D computed tomography (CT) representations. Methods & results: We considered 24 major thoracic surgery performed in our ward. In these, we discovered some interesting anatomical variations of the main pulmonary fissures. These findings were not visible on the plain x-ray or during routine examination of a preoperative CT scan. After re-examination of 3D CT scan reconstruction the anatomical variations were detected. Discussion: General thoracic surgeons must familiarize themselves with anatomical variations in lungs. 3D images may aid the general thoracic surgeon in performin…

MaleCT reconstructionCancer Researchmedicine.medical_specialtyLung NeoplasmsCT reconstruction; anatomic variations; lung surgeryComputed tomography030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineImaging Three-DimensionalImage Interpretation Computer-Assistedmedicine3d ct scanImage Processing Computer-AssistedHumansLung surgeryanatomic variationsPerioperative PeriodPneumonectomyAgedAged 80 and overLungmedicine.diagnostic_testThoracic surgeonbusiness.industryThoracic Surgery Video-AssistedGeneral MedicinePerioperativeMiddle Agedlung surgerymedicine.anatomical_structureOncologyCardiothoracic surgery030220 oncology & carcinogenesisFemaleRadiologybusinessTomography X-Ray ComputedCt reconstructionFuture oncology (London, England)
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Diagnosis and therapeutic management of primary headache in an emergency setting

2013

Introduction and aim: Much headachers are under or mis-diagnoses and data regarding the proportion of patients attending an emergency department (ED) because of headache are still few. We conducted a retrospective observational study in an ED with the following aims: (a) estimate the proportion of headache attending to an ED (b) to estimate and describe the therapeutic management of primary headache and (c) to assessment the exam most frequently requested. Materials and methods: We collected data regarding patients diagnosed with headache consecutively attending the ED of the University of Palermo between September 2011 and March 2012. The study was approved by the ethics committee. Results: Between the semester evaluated 25110 subjects were admitted to ED headache suffers were equal to 1.6 %. Of these 263 (63.1 %) were woman and 154 (36.9 %). Mean age was 44.2 (DS ± 18.4) years (p = 0.068).According to ED registry headache admission was as follow assigned: 76.5 % with a diagnosis of headache 22.8 % with a secondary headache 0.7 % with Trigeminal Autonomic Cephalgias (TACs). Among those with a primary headache about 36 % of patient did not received a pharmacological treatment. Monotherapy was prescribed less frequently than combination therapy (19.1 vs 44.5 %).In monotherapy the most frequent medication were NSAIDs (28.3 %) benzodiazepines (26.7 %) and dopamine antagonists (11.7 %). Among those with a primary headache a CT scan was performed in the 124 subjects and 111 (34.8 %) had a neurologist consultation. Discussion: Our data are in line with the one previously reported in literature. The most frequently medication in the Italian ED were NSAIDs benzodiazepines dopamine antagonists and steroids. Neverless our data unlikely can be compared to other study give a snapshot. We believe that much more can be done to improve treatment of primary headache in ED.Settore MED/26 - Neurologia
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